propidium iodide การใช้

• Also, propidium iodide is used as a stain in animal cells.
• Propidium Iodide is the most commonly used dye to quantitatively assess DNA content.
• A typical use of propidium iodide in plant biology is to stain the cell wall.
• Propidium iodide staining revealed that only the basal surface of the hook is of nuclear origin.
• It is also used in combination with propidium iodide ( PI ) to determine viability in eukaryotic cells.
• Together with the nuclear staining with propidium iodide the maintrac method can distinguish between dead and living cells.
• It is also thought that Zeta toxin induces reversible protective dormancy and permeation to propidium iodide ( PI ).
• The slides are then washed to remove excess unbound probe, and counterstained with 4', 6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole ( DAPI ) or propidium iodide.
• Those stains excluded by the living cells but taken up by the already dead cells are called vital stains ( e . g . trypan blue or propidium iodide for eukaryotic cells ).
• Vital dyes, such as trypan blue or propidium iodide are normally excluded from the inside of healthy cells; however, if the cell membrane has been compromised, they freely cross the membrane and stain intracellular components.
• With this technique a probe for viability, like propidium iodide ( PI ) could also be included in order to exclude dead cells from the acrosome assessment, since many sperm cells will spontaneously lose their acrosome when they die.
• The assay combines annexin V staining of PS and PE membrane events with the staining of DNA in the cell nucleus with propidium iodide ( PI ) or 7-Aminoactinomycin D ( AAD-7 ), distinguishing viable cells from apoptotic cells and necrotic cells.
• Propidium iodide ( PI ) binds to DNA by intercalating between the bases, with little or no sequence preference, and with a stoichiometry of one dye molecule per 4 5 base pairs of DNA . PI also binds to RNA, necessitating treatment with nucleases to distinguish between RNA and DNA staining.
• Of continuing interest is the fact that some P2X receptors ( P2X 2, P2X 4, human P2X 5, and P2X 7 ) exhibit multiple open states in response to ATP, characterized by a time-dependent increase in the permeabilities of large organic ions such as N-methyl-D-glucamine ( NMDG + ) and nucleotide binding dyes such as propidium iodide ( YO-PRO-1 ).
• This is in contrast to "'vital staining "', when the dye employed is one that is " excluded " from the living cells so that only dead cells are stained positively . ( Vital stains include dyes like trypan blue and propidium iodide, which are either too bulky or too charged to cross the cell membrane, or which are actively rapidly pumped out by live cells .)